PMS, or premenstrual syndrome, refers to physical and emotional symptoms that happen in the days or weeks before a period begins. Symptoms are linked to hormone changes during the menstrual cycle.
PMS symptoms usually:
- Start 1–2 weeks before a period
- Peak just before menstruation begins
- Improve or disappear during the period
Common PMS symptoms in teens
- Headaches
- Acne or pimples
- Upset stomach
- Mood swings
- Bloating
- Fatigue
- Menstrual cramps
- Anxiety or irritability
- Feeling emotional or tearful
Symptoms can vary from month to month and may change over time.
What menstrual cramps feel like
Menstrual cramps, also called dysmenorrhea, happen when the uterus contracts to shed its lining. Cramping pain can range from mild to severe.Teens may describe cramps as:
- Sharp or stabbing pain
- Throbbing lower abdominal pain
- Aching in the lower back
- Pressure in the pelvis
- Pain that spreads into the legs
Some girls also experience:
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Dizziness
- Sweating
- Fatigue
Severe cramps can sometimes interfere with school, sleep, sports, or social activities.
